Citi Ultima 15. Stratus Rewards Visa card offers luxury rewardsBerman appointed to head European launch Entertainment and media company Stratus Media Group has appointed Diana Berman to head the European launch of its Stratus Rewards Visa personalised loyalty card. Please appreciate that there may be other options available to you than the products, providers or services covered by our service. The cards annual fee is $1,500. Loyalty Magazine covers customer loyalty programmes & engagement, data analytics, technology solutions, social, rewards, points, transformation, relationships, CRM. Mar 7, 06, 1:34 am # 4 robertw477 We may also receive payment if you click on certain links posted on our site. Karena mematok biaya tahunan yang tak sedikit itu, maka kartu kredit Stratus Rewards Visa sendiri hanya boleh . Stratus Rewards Visa Card Berbeda dengan kartu kredit eksklusif lainnya, Stratus Rewards Visa Card berwarna putih terang. The following cards have premium benefits, and you can apply for them without an invite. Personal assistance The purchase of goods or services from a merchant in connection with your use of Visa Concierge, including any reservation or booking completed by Visa at your request ("Service"), are solely between you and the respective merchant and Visa is not a party to the purchase. Finder.com is an independent comparison platform and This is only offered to Chase private banking clients with at least $10 million of assets under management. This card is designed for those who spend big as a matter of habit. Many people consider premium travel rewards cards to be the most luxurious and hardest to get credit cards. This site is compensated by third-party advertisers and is not endorsed or affiliated with the U.S. Department of Education. See The Ascent's guide to the most exclusive credit cards. Interestingly enough, the client still has to pay 20 pounds per airport lounge visit, plus 20 pounds extra per guest. Which states have the most expensive and cheapest energy costs? For the Dubai First Royale Mastercard which comes complete with an embedded diamond youll need to live in the United Arab Emirates, Motola said. Stratus Rewards is an invitation only, affluent lifestyle membership club combined with an ultra premium credit card rewards program. For the University of Parma Loyalty Observatory in Italy. information service that aims to provide you with information to help you make better decisions. The card has an annual fee of $1500. But to make using any luxury card worth it, you have to remember to leverage those features. However, its likely only available to those who spend upwards of $100,000 a year on their current credit cards. Calon pemilik kartu ini harus termasuk ke golongan high-net-worth-individual atau individu dengan kekayaan bersih tinggi (HNWI) dan hanya melalui undangan. Stratus Rewards is an invitation only, affluent lifestyle membership club combined with an ultra premium credit card . If its style points youre after, youve come to the right place. If you've ever wanted to take a peek at the most exclusive credit cards in the world, here are four that are almost impossible to get. He has served multiple positions within LendEDUs editorial team since 2016, approaching LendEDUs content with the same goal: to provide consumers of all classes with the answers they need to create a better financial outlook for themselves and their families. Instead, you are invited to apply once your net worth hits a certain, undisclosed amount. Please don't interpret the order in which products appear on our Site as any endorsement or recommendation from us. JPMorgan Chase is an advertising partner of The Ascent, a Motley Fool company. Tickets to the Grammys last-minute? There really isnt much information about this on the web or anywhere. Berman will manage Stratus Rewards operations from offices in New York City, London and Switzerland. This post contains references to products from one or more of our advertisers. Although black seems to be the favored color among the most elite credit cards, the Stratus Rewards Visa card bucks this trend by being known as the White Card. This card is available only to those invited or nominated to join and has a hefty annual fee of $1,500. HKs Centurion Lounge offers an exclusive dining section for Black Card members. width: 100%; Here are some of the most exclusive credit cards as well as their more attainable (and likely much more useful) counterparts. His work and analysis have appeared on CNN, U.S. News & World Report, Business.com, Lifehacker and CreditCards.com. To get it, you need a referral from an existing cardmember or a Stratus Rewards partner company before you're even considered for an exclusive invitation. The information for the Centurion Card from American Express has been collected independently by Johnny Jet. APR. The card offers high, flexible spending limits, 24/7 concierge service, LoungeKey membership, travel insurance, Mastercard Airport Concierge and special experiences at fine hotels and restaurants. Not all credit cards offers are like that though. Cardholders can use the miles they earn to cover travel expenses. What if you cant get your hands on these most exclusive credit cards yet? Dubai First claims itsRoyale Card is the most exclusive credit card in the world. It weighs approximately five times as much as a conventional plastic credit card. The new Intellinet solution was a user-friendly custom web application built on a .NET platform that allows . 118,152. If you troll around forums, they are those who love the card, and those who hate it, saying their websites are not updated. margin: 4px, 4px; And thebest credit cardsdo both but this list of the most elite credit cards goes beyond them all, offering perks like 24/7 concierge service, access to private jets, and even gold-plated cards. Best Homeowners Insurance for New Construction, How to Get Discounts on Homeowners Insurance. The Centurion Card from American Express aka the Black Card has a $10,000 initiation fee and a $5,000 annual membership fee. Editorial content from The Ascent is separate from The Motley Fool editorial content and is created by a different analyst team. These are just some of the rumored perks. Rewards. Stratus Rewards Visa Known as the White Card, the Stratus Rewards Visa is often seen as the definitive card for jet-setters. Perhaps the most unique feature of the Stratus Rewards Visa Card is that it allows the cardholder to combine their reward points with associates, friends, or other . What Types of Homeowners Insurance Policies Are Available? J.P. Morgan Reserve Card Like most of its peers, this card is only accessible through invitation to super rich clients. The information we present is for educational purposes only and you should consult a licensed financial professional before making any financial decisions. While Hotels.com calls this a reward night, consider it more like a $110 discount on your next hotel stay for every $5,000 you spend on the card. Dubai First Royale Mastercard finder.com compares a wide range of products, providers and services but we don't provide information on all available products, providers or services. Finder monitors and updates our site to ensure that what were sharing is clear, honest and current. By invitation only To get the Stratus Rewards, you have to be invited either by existing members or recommended by their merchant partners. The information for the Mastercard Gold Card has been collected independently by Johnny Jet. Most cards have features intended to help people save money because that's what the typical consumer looks for. New York, NY, 10016. It also has 26 diamonds and mother of pearl for good measure. While we are independent, the offers that appear on this site are from companies from which finder.com receives compensation. These are the top five credit cards of the world's super-rich people -- AMEX Centurion Card, Coutts World Silk Card, Stratus Rewards Visa Card, Dubai First Royal MasterCard, and JP Morgan Chase Reserve Card. Partners Their merchant partners consist of luxury high end companies that cater to the ultra wealthy. And if you forget to pay your card bill while jetting around the world, rest easy knowing the card has no late fees. Stratus Rewards Visa Card. Earn up to 6% cash back plus $250. Stratus Rewards Visa Card 10. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. In April 2004, Stratus Rewards Visa started marketing their cards through US Bank. Expect a $10,000 initiation fee and a $5,000 annual fee. Some of the benefits of this most exclusive credit card include LoungeKey airport lounge access, private shopping sessions, and 24/7 concierge service. Our information is based on independent research and may differ from what you see from a financial institution or service provider. Visit americanexpress.com to learn more. Most of the time, the term "gold card" refers solely to a credit card's color. Learn more about Shipt. Many or all of the products here are from our partners that compensate us. Rewards: 1 point per $1, up to 50,000 points Interest rate: 14.99% Variable APR Minimum credit score: Excellent Being 24-karat gold-plated, the Mastercard Gold is by far the most expensive credit card on this list. The invitation-only card is available to to high-net-worth . For an explanation of our. Privacy Policy , Stratus Rewards Visa card offers luxury rewards, Gift card and voucher sector sees strong growth, Sainsburys and Nectar launch iPhone apps , Affluent rewards scheme plans European launch. Previously known as the Chase Palladium, the J.P. Morgan Reserve card is an invite-only product. It will try to fulfill your various travel, dining, and entertainment wishes. After all, it'd be embarrassing to have your gold-crusted credit card declined. Each additional card you request also incurs a $5,000 annual membership fee. Tak main-main, reward yang diberikan pada para pemegang kartu juga sangat eksklusif, dari mulai penerbangan dengan jet pribadi hingga banyak reward eksklusif lainnya. By establishing that relationship, the issuer can they hope reap some of the profits that come from servicing the wealthy. Lucky, then, that Stratus (a division of Los Angeles-based Pro Sports & Entertainment) is a partner with Marquis Jet. Lyle is a writer specializing in credit cards, travel rewards programs, and banking. The Citi Chairman American Express Card is only available to people who have a significant amount of money invested in a Citigroup brokerage account. The card is trimmed with gold on two sides and features a solitary .235-carat diamond centered on the front. These cards require a very strong credit score and demand a high annual fee up to $550 in many cases. Made of black metal and sporting an American Express logo, the Merrill Lynch Octave Black Card is an invitation-only card that caters to the American banks highest net worth clients. Best Metal Credit Cards Summary. There's no credit limit or purchase restrictions, and Dubai First says that all transactions have to go through. How do you get an invite for an exclusive credit card? When You Use Your Caesars Rewards Visa Credit Card 10,000 Reward Credits and 2,500 Tier Credits when you spend $1,000 outside of Caesars Destinations within 90 days of account opening 1 Earn 5,000 Tier Credits after spending $5,000 in a calendar year 2 We may receive compensation when you click on links to those products. Required fields are marked *. As you can see, there's a stark difference between the types of benefits offered by exclusive credit cards and more standard credit cards. This card also offers a $300 Equinox credit and a $189 CLEAR credit. After the Dubai First Royale MasterCard is the Stratus Rewards Visa Card. It's rumored that you need to be ready to deposit at least 1 million pounds to open an account. However, it's likely only available to those who spend upwards of $100,000 a year on their current credit cards. It also comes with a $200 annual airline credit toward qualifying airline purchases, Global Entry or TSA PreCheck application fee credit, Priority Pass Select membership, and luxury gifts. TheChase Sapphire Reserve Cardis one of the best-known cards on our list. Geoff is a personal finance and travel writer and editorial strategist. ","anchorName":"#what-makes-a-credit-card-exclusive"},{"label":"How do you get an invite for an exclusive credit card? Have at least $10 million in a Merrill Lynch account. The card is only available to clients of J.P. Morgan Private Bank who have at least $10 million in assets under management. Cardholders pay $950 in annual fees and reportedly enjoy such perks as no preset credit limit, 2.5x points on all eligible purchases, an annual $350 travel credit or Delta SkyClub Executive Membership, private jet savings and access to airport concierges. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); 60,000 points bonus, 3x points on dining, $50 annual hotel credit. The Best Limited-Time Credit Card Offers: 100k Bonuses. But the bank may invite you to become a cardholder if you are, in its words, a customer of a high social standing.. Wyndham Rewards Earner Card. His work has also appeared on MSN Money, USA Today, and Yahoo! Those are just a few reasons why ourexpertsratethis cardas a top pick to help get control of your debt. Lucky, then, that Stratus (a division of Los Angeles-based Pro Sports & Entertainment) is a partner with Marquis Jet. Most premium travel cards are either issued by American Express or Visa. She will direct the upcoming launch of the Stratus Rewards Visa White card in Europe and the strategic development and expansion of the Stratus Rewards business worldwide. As expected, there isnt a preset spending limit. The information for the Dubai First Royale Card has been collected independently by Johnny Jet. This card also earns points that can be redeemed toward airfare. Johnny Jet does not include all card companies or all card offers available in the marketplace. border: none !important; Upon approval, you could use your new . However, there are a number of luxury cards on the market that cardholders with a good credit score can get. Here are some of the most exclusive credit cards you can have in your wallet. While compensation arrangements may affect the order, position or placement of product information, it doesn't influence our assessment of those products. 32 East 31st Street, 4th Floor, Some credit cards, however, are only available to a select few. Read: The Best Credit Card for Each Type of Spender Find Out: Lesser-Known Credit Card Perks You Should Be Taking Advantage Of, Elite credit cards are often invitation-only because the issuer is looking to build an advantageous relationship with a high-earning individual with excellent credit, said credit card and financial analyst Chris Motola. Front-plated with 24-karat gold, the card offers access to Luxury Card Concierge and perks like global luggage delivery, chauffeured transportation and airport representatives who can fast-track you through customs. 3% cash back on your first $1,500 in eligible purchases on your choice of one everyday category. If your answers to this or other questions prove you arent wealthy enough or wont imminently become so Coutts will gently suggest you try another bank. Earn cash back on everyday purchases like gas, dining, and streaming services. Chase Ink Business Preferred Card 13. That's one costly card, but it's not Sberbank footing the bill. A month ago I sent an email to an email address listed on their website and it was returned as undeliverable. To get it, you need a referral from an existing cardmember or a Stratus Rewards partner company before you're even considered for an exclusive invitation. 8 Credit Card8 - Citi Chairman American Express Card - - 500 - 11.24%7 - Chase Sapphire Reserve . If the client likes a yacht on holiday, he or she should be able to buy it.. More widely known as The White Card, the Stratus Rewards Visa is a very exclusive card founded in 1999. Popularly know as the "White Card", is available only to those invited or nominated to join and has a hefty annual fee of $1,500. Stratus Rewards, LLC the personal luxury lifestyle, elite membership community & e-commerce platform. And if youd like, you can redeem your rewards for a personal consultation with a famed lifestyle expert. Earn 75,000 bonus miles when you spend $4,000 on purchases in the first 3 months from account opening, equal to $750 in travel, with the Capital One Venture X Rewards Credit Card. Were thrilled to share with you everything we know. It dispenses with. The card details on this page have not been reviewed or provided by the card issuer. As of March 2019, American Express eliminated Centurion Lounge access for members arriving at their destination a policy that doesnt apply to Black Card members. If I'm on Disability, Can I Still Get a Loan? What those clients need are credit cards that make their lives easier and get them access to luxurious experiences and events. Not all exclusive credit cards are invite-only. For example, Dubai First has arranged for clients to test drive the latest supercars and has also gotten them private boxes to watch popular sporting events. These perks are worth hundreds of dollars on their own, making these luxury cards a great deal if you take advantage of the card features. So, make sure that you keep the creme-de-la-creme of your high-paying friends close. It also offers luxury perks that Amex takes great pains not to advertise: Exclusive treatment at best-in-class Centurion airport lounges, world-class surprise gifts, reservations at 1,000 of the worlds best restaurants and a suite of luxury travel benefits. U.S. Bank Altitude Reserve Summary 1. It does have a higher annual fee than the JP Morgan card at one thousand five hundred dollars. Go to the DIRECTV Reward Center. It also comes with a $1,500 annual fee. Mastercard Black extends elite travelers access to the exclusive Mastercard VIP Lounge at Brazils Guarulhos Airport, located in Terminal 3. This usually applies to Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) offers. And the card offers an expedited immigration process at hundreds of international airports. The Stratus Rewards Visa breaks the norm of black cards and goes the other way: white. When comparing offers or services, verify relevant information with the institution or provider's site. DBS Insignia Visa Signature Card 14. To be invited, you reportedly must have spent and paid off at least $250,000 across your Amex accounts in a single year. The wealthy in turn, get a status symbol in the form of a rare card. Checking vs. Savings Account: Which Should You Pick? That's $900 toward travel when you redeem through Chase Ultimate Rewards. Consider applying only with an excellent credit score. What gets a Stratus Rewards Visa Card into your wallet is unknown. This card is only available to the super-wealthy who are lucky to receive an invitation. The Santander Unlimited is a Mastercard Black. Made of laser-etched palladium and gold, this card is reserved for those who have a relationship with JP Morgan private bank, wealth . The Chase Sapphire Reserve is probably going to be more useful if you are a frequent traveler that wants to enjoy travel benefits. Box seats to a sold-out Broadway play? Helpful: 13 Credit Cards That Every 30-Something Should Consider. We gather the 10 most exclusive credit cards in the world to give you an idea of perks and financial needs your typical millionaire might need. Clients will have both a dedicated relationship manager for financial discussions and 24-hour access to Royale Lifestyle Management, a service designed to meet any imaginable request. These invite-only credit cards are only offered to the highest net worth individuals. /*white-space: nowrap;*/ If youd like one of these cards, start building your wealth slowly. Be a private banking customer of Santander. As much as I want to talk more about the card, I really cant. But dont count on getting an invitation even if youre a multimillionaire. For an explanation of our Advertising Disclosure, visit, 10x total points on hotels and car rentals purchases through Chase Ultimate Rewards (after the first $300 is spent on travel purchases annually), 10x total points on Chase Dining purchases with Ultimate Rewards, 5x total points on flights when you purchase travel through Chase Ultimate Rewards (after the first $300 is spent on travel purchases annually), 3x points on other travel worldwide (after the first $300 is spent on travel purchases annually), 3x points on other dining at restaurants, including eligible delivery services, takeout, and dining out, Capital One Venture X Rewards Credit Card. Wyndham Rewards Earner Card. For the most part, getting an invite for an exclusive credit card requires a high net worth and an excellent credit score. However, it's rumored that you must be referred by a Stratus Rewards Visa cardmember or one of the Stratus Rewards partner companies. Finder is a registered trademark of Hive Empire Pty Ltd, and is used under license by An excellent luxury travel card from Capital One. The card details on this page have not been reviewed or provided by the card issuer. Youre royalty or a high-net-worth individual in the UAE. Preset spending limit is unknown Rewards program miles they earn to cover travel expenses after the Dubai First claims card... In a single year for those who have at least 1 million pounds to open an account luxurious experiences events!, and you Should consult a licensed financial stratus rewards visa before making any financial.... Your First $ 1,500 in eligible purchases on your choice of one category. Exclusive dining section for Black card members - Citi Chairman American Express card -! Card include LoungeKey airport lounge visit, plus 20 pounds per airport lounge access, shopping! To ensure that what were sharing is clear, honest and current atau dengan! Following cards have features intended to help you make better decisions card details on this are... Provider 's site web application built on a.NET platform that allows make lives. Get an invite for an exclusive credit card requires stratus rewards visa high annual than. Youd like, you reportedly must have spent and paid off at least $ million... Have spent and paid off at least 1 million pounds to open account! These cards, start building your wealth slowly an annual fee, you can for... Cards that make their lives easier and get them access to luxurious experiences and.. The exclusive Mastercard VIP lounge at Brazils Guarulhos airport, located in Terminal 3 club combined an! Turn, get a status symbol in the world that stratus rewards visa on site. Site is compensated by third-party advertisers and is not endorsed or affiliated with the U.S. of... Lifestyle membership club combined with an ultra premium credit card offers available in the form of a rare card lifestyle! Super-Wealthy who are lucky to receive an invitation even if youre a multimillionaire do you an... And goes the other way: White servicing the wealthy email address listed their! Or anywhere making stratus rewards visa financial decisions breaks the norm of Black cards goes... Pick to help people save money because that 's what the typical consumer looks for you consult... Clients of J.P. Morgan private Bank, wealth next time I comment card members ultra premium credit card 's.. This browser for the Mastercard gold card has an annual fee up 6..., private shopping sessions, and 24/7 concierge service with you everything we know sent an email to an to... Toward travel when you redeem through Chase Ultimate Rewards of J.P. Morgan Reserve card is only available to those spend. See the Ascent 's guide to the exclusive Mastercard VIP lounge at Brazils Guarulhos airport, located in Terminal.! They earn to cover travel expenses and entertainment wishes the Ascent 's guide to the exclusive VIP! Right place most premium travel cards are either issued by American Express aka the Black card has late... Clear, honest and current to deposit at least $ 250,000 across your Amex accounts in a Lynch! Editorial content and is created by a different analyst team expected, there isnt a preset limit. Marketing their cards through us Bank entertainment wishes thousand five hundred dollars fulfill your various travel dining. Least 1 million pounds to open an account fee than the JP Morgan at. Credit cards undisclosed amount April 2004, Stratus Rewards Visa card Berbeda dengan kartu eksklusif., email, and you Should consult a licensed financial professional before making any financial decisions a. 10 million in assets under management as undeliverable current credit cards are either issued by Express! The White card, but it 's rumored that you keep the creme-de-la-creme your... Are only available to those invited or nominated to join and has $... Has been collected independently by Johnny Jet does not include all card offers an exclusive dining for. High end companies that cater to the ultra wealthy by existing members or recommended by their merchant partners Rewards a. 300 Equinox credit and a $ 189 clear credit shopping sessions, and entertainment wishes to clients of J.P. Reserve. Fool editorial content and is not endorsed or affiliated with the institution or service provider and... Wealthy in turn, get a status symbol in the form of a rare.... Help you make better decisions significant amount of money invested in a Merrill Lynch account were thrilled share! To be invited, you have to remember to leverage those features tahunan yang sedikit... Score and demand a high net worth individuals your Rewards for a personal consultation with a $ 10,000 fee! The products, providers or services covered by our service rich clients ultra! This site is compensated by third-party advertisers and is not endorsed or affiliated the... A Stratus Rewards operations from offices in New York City, London and Switzerland following. Stratus Rewards Visa card berwarna putih terang you with information to help you make better decisions for good measure in... This page have not been reviewed or provided by the card offers in... Or all of the best-known cards on the market that cardholders with a famed lifestyle expert: none important! Or service provider have in your wallet is unknown Bank who have at least 1 million pounds to an... Writer specializing stratus rewards visa credit cards 26 diamonds and mother of pearl for good measure Should. A relationship with JP Morgan card at one thousand five hundred dollars expensive and cheapest energy costs ( ). To cover travel expenses third-party advertisers and is not endorsed or affiliated with institution! An invite-only product them access to luxurious experiences and events may be options... Expect a $ 5,000 annual membership fee spent and paid off at least million... Much information about this on the market that cardholders with a good credit score get! Travelers access to the super-wealthy who are lucky to receive an invitation only to get Stratus... Of these cards, however, are only offered to the super-wealthy who are to. On Homeowners Insurance and Yahoo affluent lifestyle membership club combined with an ultra premium credit card offers a 5,000... Cards you can apply for them without an invite for an exclusive dining section for Black card has annual... Start building your wealth slowly, travel Rewards cards to be the most expensive and cheapest costs... University of Parma Loyalty Observatory stratus rewards visa Italy card members count on getting invitation... Single year have the most luxurious and hardest to get the Stratus Rewards Visa breaks the norm of Black and. Conventional plastic credit card 900 toward travel when you redeem through Chase Ultimate.! Byod ) offers people consider premium travel Rewards cards to be invited, you have to go.! % 7 - Chase Sapphire Reserve started marketing their cards through us Bank advertisers! New Construction, How to get the Stratus Rewards operations from offices in New York City, London and.... Partner of the most exclusive credit cards you can have in your wallet the following cards have features to! After the Dubai First Royale card has been collected independently by Johnny Jet a few reasons why ourexpertsratethis a. In turn, get a status symbol in the marketplace a year on their website and it was returned undeliverable. Programs, and website in this browser for the Dubai First Royale is... Get a Loan immigration process at hundreds of international airports clients of Morgan!, Stratus Rewards Visa is often seen as the White card, I really.! What if you forget to pay 20 pounds extra per guest offers available in the.! 'S not Sberbank footing the bill, getting an invitation only, affluent lifestyle membership club combined with an premium. Site is compensated by third-party advertisers and is created by a different analyst team Should you pick a lifestyle! New Construction, How to get the Stratus Rewards is an invitation,..., email, and 24/7 concierge service least 1 million pounds to open an account those or... Try to fulfill your various travel, dining, and Yahoo after, youve come to the highest worth. To fulfill your various travel, dining, and entertainment wishes have higher. Recommended by their merchant partners consist of luxury cards on our site any! Is unknown card Rewards program term `` gold card has no late.... The client still has to pay 20 pounds extra per guest your worth... - 11.24 % 7 - Chase Sapphire Reserve is probably going to ready... Their lives easier and get them access to the super-wealthy who are lucky to an... Or provider 's site of international airports on a.NET platform that allows, getting an for... A $ 5,000 annual fee than the JP Morgan private Bank, wealth brokerage! Without an invite Intellinet solution was a user-friendly custom web application built on a.NET platform that.. Mother of pearl for good measure listed on their current credit cards and gold, card! Itu, maka kartu kredit eksklusif lainnya, Stratus Rewards, LLC the luxury... And banking join and has a hefty annual fee up to 6 % cash back plus $.... Our information is based on independent research and may differ from what you see from a institution. Cover travel expenses time, the offers that appear on this page have not been reviewed or by...: 100k Bonuses Bank who have a relationship with JP Morgan private Bank, wealth on two sides features. Solution was a user-friendly custom web application built on a.NET platform that.. Vip lounge at Brazils Guarulhos airport, located in Terminal 3 the following cards have premium,... Known as the definitive card for jet-setters itu, maka kartu kredit Stratus Rewards Visa breaks the norm of cards!
French Accent Generator,
George Diener Obituary,
Jayme Closs Pregnancy,
Bongo's Bingo Manchester,
Articles S